The psychometric properties of motors of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance scale (MoVac-COVID19S): A dataset across five regions.

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to plague the world. Hence, there is been an effort to mitigate this virus and its effects with several means including vaccination which is one of the most effective ways of controlling the virus. However, efforts at getting people to vaccinate have met several challenges. To help with understanding the reasons underlying an individual's willingness to take COVID-19 vaccine or not, a scale called Motors of COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Scale (MoVac-COVID19S) was developed. To expand its usability worldwide (as it has currently been limited to only China and Taiwan), data were collected in other countries (regions) too. Therefore, this MoVac-COVID19S data is from five countries (that is, India, Ghana, Afghanistan, Taiwan, and mainland China) which cut across five regions. A total of 6053 participants across the stated countries completed the survey between January and March 2021 using a cross-sectional survey design. The different sections of the survey solicited sociodemographic information (e.g., country, age, gender, educational level, and profession) and the MoVac-COVID19S data from the participants. The data collected from this survey were analyzed using descriptive statistics, which were carried out using the IBM SPSS version 22.0.

Motors of COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Scale (MoVac-COVID19S): Evidence of Measurement Invariance Across Five Countries.

Purpose: The percentage of individuals who were fully vaccinated against COVID-19 was 53% worldwide, 62% in Asia, and 11% in Africa at the time of writing (February 9, 2022). In addition to administrative issues, vaccine hesitancy is an important factor contributing to the relatively low rate of vaccination. The Motors of COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Scale (MoVac-COVID19S) was developed to assess COVID-19 vaccination acceptance levels. However, it has only been tested among Taiwanese, mainland Chinese, and Ghanaian populations (Chen et al, 2021; Fan et al, 2021; Yeh et al, 2021). Therefore, the present study examined the construct validity and measurement invariance of the MoVac-COVID19S among individuals from five countries (ie, Taiwan, mainland China, India, Ghana, and Afghanistan). Participants and Methods: A cross-sectional survey study recruited 6053 participants across five countries who completed the survey between January and March 2021. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) fit indices were used to examine factor structure and measurement invariance across the five countries. Results: The fit indices of the CFA were relatively good across the countries except for the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). Moreover, the four-factor structure (either nine or 12 items) had a better fit than the one-factor structure. However, the four-factor model using nine MoVac-COVID19S items was the only model that had measurement invariance support for both factor loadings and item intercepts across the five countries. Conclusion: The present study confirmed that the MoVac-COVID19S has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used to assess an individual's willingness to get COVID-19 vaccination.

Large lumbosacral schwannoma in a young female- a case report from Afghanistan.

INTRODUCTION: Mobile Schwannoma is a rare soft tissue tumor that commonly involves the elderly population. It has no cellular material and grows as solitary, firm, oval, encapsulated benign tumors from the sensory (dorsal) nerve root. If multiple, they are usually associated with Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF-2). The initial sign and symptoms include segmental pain and paresthesia. It may lead to myelopathy if the tumor expands. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a twenty-year-old female with chronic lower backache radiating to the ipsilateral thigh with no urinary or fecal incontinence. On physical examination, the ankle reflex was hypoactive on the left side, and the straight leg raise test was positive. A large 32 × 15 × 14 mm heterogeneous enhancing focal lesion was found on the posterior side of L5 and S1 vertebrae with severe central canal stenosis. A diagnosis of nerve sheath tumor was made based on contrast MRI pre-operatively. The underlying cause was a nerve sheath tumor. A total bilateral laminectomy at the L1-S5 level and mass excision was performed, preserving nerve roots. The postoperative period was uneventful, and no tumor re-growth was noticed. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Schwannoma is a slow-growing tumor; benign; usually, less than 8 cm in diameter tumor, commonly found in the head and neck region. It is the 3rd most common soft tissue tumor and the 2nd most common intradural extramedullary tumor. In our report, a young, non-Caucasian female patient is diagnosed with schwannoma, which is quite rare. In our case, a larger tumor of size 32 × 15 × 14 mm was noted, affecting the posterior body of L5 and S1 vertebrae in the left lateral recess with impingement of the left S1 traversing nerve root. Around 29% of spinal root nerve tumors are schwannomas. As the tumor grows slowly, the diagnosis may be delayed. CONCLUSION: Schwannoma is a slow-growing solitary, firm, oval, encapsulated benign tumor arising from the sensory (dorsal) nerve root. Histopathology plays a vital role in diagnosis, and overall, the disease has a favorable prognosis. Therefore, an appropriate approach is necessary to rule out the disease.